ELI5: What is a Keylogger?

It secretly watches every key you press on your keyboard — like an invisible person looking over your shoulder and writing down everything you type, including passwords.

Definition

A keylogger is a type of malware (or legitimate monitoring software) that records keystrokes entered on a keyboard, capturing sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, private messages, and other credentials. Keyloggers can be implemented in software (kernel-level drivers, API hooks, form grabbers) or hardware (physical devices inserted between keyboard and computer).

Key Details

  • Software keyloggers: Installed as malware; can be kernel-level (difficult to detect), user-level (easier to detect), or form-grabbing (captures data before encryption).
  • Hardware keyloggers: Physical devices between keyboard and USB/PS2 port—not detectable by software security tools.
  • Form grabbers: Browser-based keyloggers that capture form data before it’s submitted—often used by banking trojans.
  • Detection: EDR solutions, behavioral analysis (keylogging is detectable via API monitoring), physical inspection of computers in high-security environments.
  • Mitigation: MFA (stolen password alone isn’t enough), on-screen keyboards (partial mitigation), antimalware, physical security.

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